The effects of exercise on breathing and heart rate | Science

Starter quiz

Which image shows the lungs?
Mitochondria need ______ and oxygen to carry out respiration.
- 'glucose' ✓
The job of the heart is to pump ______ around the body.
- 'blood' ✓
Match the blood cell to its function.
- white blood cells
  
  ⇔
  
  kill bacteria and viruses ✓
- red blood cells
  
  ⇔
  
  carry oxygen around the body ✓
True or false. Muscles need energy to relax.
- True
- False ✓
Who has the best answer to why do people need to breathe?
- Aisha: "For respiration."
- Izzy: "To get oxygen for respiration."
- Lucas: "To get oxygen for respiration and remove carbon dioxide." ✓
- Sam: "So they can live."

Exit quiz

______ variables need to be kept the same to make an investigation valid.
- 'Control' ✓
Match up the type of variables to their description when investigating the effect of the exercise on breathing rate.
- breathing rate
  
  ⇔
  
  dependent variable ✓
- level of activity
  
  ⇔
  
  independent variable ✓
- person
  
  ⇔
  
  control variable ✓
Order the statements to create a method to find your breathing rate after vigorous exercise.
- 1
  
  ⇔
  
  Set the metronome to 30 BPM and start the stop clock.
- 2
  
  ⇔
  
  Do a jumping jack everytime you hear a beep.
- 3
  
  ⇔
  
  Continue for one minute.
- 4
  
  ⇔
  
  Stop exercising and count the number of times your chest rises in 30 seconds.
- 5
  
  ⇔
  
  Multiply the number of breaths by two and record in your table.
Match up the variable to the axis the measurements should be plotted on when drawing a bar chart.
- x-axis
  
  ⇔
  
  independent variable (amount of exercise) ✓
- y-axis
  
  ⇔
  
  dependent variable (heart rate or breathing rate) ✓
- not plotted on either axis
  
  ⇔
  
  control variable ✓
Work out the mean of the following measurements: 67, 69, 68.
- '68' ✓
Select the reasons why heart rate and breathing rate increase during exercise.
- To provide more oxygen and glucose to the muscles for cellular respiration. ✓
- The provide muscles with fuel to contract. ✓
- To remove oxygen from the muscles and body as it is a waste product.
- To remove carbon dioxide from the muscles and body as it is a waste product. ✓
- The provide muscles with fuel to relax.

Worksheet

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Video

Lesson Details

Key learning points

Identifying independent variable (amount of exercise) and dependent variable (heart rate or breathing rate).
Identifying control variables (the person and the length of time spent exercising).
The independent variable (amount of exercise) is categoric data and goes on the x-axis of a bar chart.
The dependent variable (heart rate or breathing rate) goes on the y-axis of a bar chart.
Using knowledge of cellular respiration to explain the results.

Common misconception

Breathing is the same as respiration.

Be clear that breathing is the mechanical process to get oxygen in and carbon dioxide out. Whereas, respiration is the chemical process that provides energy for the cell.

Keywords

Dependent variable - The factor that is being measured.
Independent variable - The factor that is being changed.
Breathing rate - The number of breaths per minute.
Heart rate - The number of heart beats per minute.
Control variable - A factor that needs to be kept the same to make the investigation valid.