Starter quiz
- Match the following chemical symbols/formulae to their name.
- C⇔carbon ✓
- Ca⇔calcium ✓
- O₂⇔oxygen ✓
- CO₂⇔carbon dioxide ✓
- Match the following key terms to their definitions.
- aqueous solution (aq)⇔formed when a substance is dissolved in water ✓
- solvent⇔a liquid in which a solute dissolves ✓
- metal salt⇔a compound formed when an acid reacts with a base ✓
- neutralisation⇔when an acid and a base react to produce a neutral solution ✓
- The word used to describe the release of gas from a chemical reaction in a solution is ______.
- 'effervescence' ✓
- When sodium hydroxide is added to hydrochloric acid, what happens to the pH of the solution?
- it increases ✓
- it decreases
- it stays the same
- it becomes pH7
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- Which of the following equations is the general equation for a neutralisation reaction?
- acid + base → metal salt + water ✓
- acid + base → metal salt + hydrogen
- acid + base → metal + water
- acid + base → salt + water
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- A pupil investigates the neutralisation of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide. They add two drops of universal indicator to the solution, which turned blue. What does this tell them?
- The pupil has added too much sodium hydroxide. ✓
- The solution is alkaline. ✓
- The pupil has added too much hydrochloric acid.
- The pupil has used the wrong indicator.
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Exit quiz
- Which of the following is the correct formula for a carbonate group?
- CO₁
- CO₂
- CO₃ ✓
- C₂O₃
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- metal ________ + acid → metal salt + water + carbon dioxide
- base
- oxide
- nitrate
- carbonate ✓
- sulfate
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- Match the following gases to the chemical test for that gas.
- hydrogen⇔produces a squeaky pop ✓
- oxygen⇔relights a glowing splint ✓
- carbon dioxide⇔turns limewater cloudy ✓
- Which of the following statements about rainwater are incorrect?
- Rainwater has a pH of about 4.5. ✓
- Rainwater is naturally slightly acidic.
- Rainwater with a pH higher than 5.6 is called acid rain. ✓
- Rainwater and acid rain both react with marble statues.
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- Which of the following are examples of chemical weathering?
- The Sun warming rocks, causing them to expand and crack.
- Limestone rocks being slowly dissolved by acid rain. ✓
- Tree roots growing into cracks in rocks, making them wider so they crack.
- Statues made from calcium carbonate very slowly losing their features. ✓
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- Which of the following equations is the correct balanced symbol equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid?
- CaCO₃(s) + 2HCl(l) → CaCl₂(s) + H₂(g) + CO₂(s)
- CaCO₃(s) + HCl(l) → CaCl(s) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)
- CaCO₃(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl₂(s) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g) ✓
- CaCO₃(s) + HCl(aq) → CaCl₂(s) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)
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Worksheet
Presentation
Video
Lesson Details
Key learning points
- A group of one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms bonded together is called a carbonate group.
- Metal carbonate + acid → salt + water + carbon dioxide
- The test for carbon dioxide gas is to bubble it through limewater as it turns the solution cloudy (milky).
- Rain water is usually a little acidic and when it is more acidic than normal it is called acid rain.
- Acid rain reacts with marble to produce a salt, water and carbon dioxide, using up some of the marble.
Common misconception
Pupils think that acids ‘eat away’ materials and disappear. They observe reactions and see the loss of a reactant, but do not recognise the formation of a new soluble product.
Ensure that pupils understand the concept of solubility and use the words soluble and dissolve when describing the production of metal salts during these reactions.
Keywords
Chemical weathering - when rocks are broken down by a chemical change, for example reactions with acid rain
Limewater - a colourless solution which is used to test for carbon dioxide. It turns cloudy/milky white when carbon dioxide is bubbled through it
Chemical test - when a chemical reaction is carried out to determine the presence of a substance
Acid rain - rainwater that is more acidic than usual due to air pollution, usually caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides