Starter quiz
- What is it called when reasons are given to support an idea?
- an opinion
- an argument ✓
- a statement
- a fact
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- Why do people usually give reasons when they are arguing?
- to confuse the listener
- to support an argument ✓
- to entertain the audience
- to agree with everyone
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- Which of these is an example of someone using reasons in their everyday life?
- reading a book
- deciding what to wear based on the weather ✓
- watching TV
- listening to music
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- Put the following steps for making an argument in the correct order.
- 1⇔thinking of an idea
- 2⇔giving reasons
- 3⇔deciding if your idea is right or wrong
- When someone says 'that argument does not work', they mean that the ______ don't connect.
- 'reasons' ✓
Exit quiz
- Match each key term to its meaning.
- logic⇔a deep question about existence ✓
- ulimate question⇔a tool for clear thinking ✓
- argument⇔a set of reasons supporting a conclusion ✓
- What is a syllogism?
- a series of unrelated premises
- a conclusion drawn from two premises ✓
- a conclusion drawn from three premises
- a type of argument that includes multiple conclusions
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- What is a premise?
- the main conclusion of an argument
- a statement that provides evidence for the conclusion ✓
- a statement that summarises the argument
- a supporting statement in an argument ✓
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- Put the components of the argument below in the order they must logically follow.
- 1⇔All men are mortal.
- 2⇔Socrates is a man.
- 3⇔Therefore Socrates is mortal.
- What is a valid argument?
- an argument that proves its conclusion
- an argument where the conclusion follows from the premises ✓
- an argument with true premises
- an argument where the conclusion is guaranteed to be true
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- Match the following types of argument to the correct examples.
- a sound argument⇔All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore Socrates is mortal. ✓
- a valid argument⇔All cats are animals. My pet is a cat. Therefore my pet is an animal. ✓
- an invalid argument⇔All dogs can fly. Rex is a dog. Therefore Rex can fly. ✓
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Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Philosophy is the fundamental study of nature, reality and existence.
- Philosophers are seeking knowledge, truth and meaning.
- Philosophy translates to 'love of wisdom'.
- They may use tools such as logic to help them.
- Using logic means creating arguments which develop in stages and lead to a valid conclusion.
Common misconception
Philosophy is just about saying what you think.
Philosophy does involve thinking hard, but this means critically examining your ideas.
Keywords
Argument - a set of reasons given to support a conclusion
Logic - a tool used in philosophy which involves thinking clearly and making valid arguments
Philosophy - the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, and values
Premise - a statement that supports an argument
Ultimate question - a deep and important question about life or existence that doesn’t have a straightforward answer
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