Starter quiz
- Which of the following is a unit of temperature?
- metres
- degrees
- degrees Celsius ✓
- joules
- watts
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- What is the boiling point of pure water?
- -100°C
- -0°C
- 0°C
- 100°C ✓
- 200°C
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- When a metal block is heated, the size of which energy store increases?
- the chemical store
- the nuclear store
- the thermal store ✓
- the gravitational store
- the magnetic store
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- A very hot brick is taken out of an oven and placed in a room which is at 20°C. Which of the following statements correctly describes what will happen?
- The temperature of the brick will remain constant.
- The temperature of the brick will increase.
- The temperature of the brick will instantly fall to 20°C.
- The temperature of the brick will slowly fall to 20°C. ✓
- The temperature of the brick will slowly fall to 0°C.
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- A cold glass of milk taken out of a fridge at 4°C and is placed in a room, which is at 20°C. Which of the following statements correctly describes what will happen?
- The temperature of the milk will remain constant.
- The temperature of the milk will fall.
- The temperature of the milk will instantly rise to 20°C.
- The temperature of the milk will slowly rise to 20°C. ✓
- The temperature of the milk will slowly rise to 100°C.
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- Why does the liquid in a thermometer move up the glass tube when its temperature rises?
- The particles in the liquid become lighter and so can rise more easily.
- The particles in the liquid expand and take up more space.
- The liquid changes state from a liquid into a gas.
- The liquid changes state from a liquid to a solid.
- The particles move faster and take up more space, causing the liquid to expand. ✓
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Exit quiz
- Match the following key words or phrases to their definition.
- heating⇔causes the particles of a substance to move or vibrate more rapidly ✓
- thermal conduction⇔energy transfer in a material due to particle vibration or movement ✓
- thermal insulation⇔reduces how quickly energy is transferred by thermal conduction ✓
- thermal conductors⇔substances that transfer energy by thermal conduction quickly ✓
- thermal insulators⇔substances that transfer energy by thermal conduction slowly ✓
- Which of the following materials is the best thermal conductor?
- glass
- rubber
- steel ✓
- air
- wood
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- Why are metals good thermal conductors?
- They have large atoms which can transfer energy more quickly due to their size.
- They have free electrons which can produce extra energy.
- They have high melting points so can become very hot more easily.
- They are good electrical conductors.
- They have free electrons which can move throughout the metal to transfer energy. ✓
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Four rods made from different materials (copper, glass, aluminium, steel) have wax on one end. The other ends are heated with a Bunsen burner. On which rod will the wax start to melt last?- copper rod
- glass rod ✓
- aluminium rod
- steel rod
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The image shows an insulating material used in the loft (attic) of a house to reduce energy loss. It is made from wood fibres. Why is the material used to reduce energy loss?- It is very light.
- It contains trapped air which is a good thermal insulator. ✓
- Wood is a poor thermal insulator.
- Wood is a poor thermal conductor. ✓
- It is not flammable.
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The mat used during experiments with a Bunsen burner is sometimes called a ‘heat proof mat’. Why should it be called a ‘heat resistant mat’ instead?- It is a good thermal conductor.
- It does not break easily.
- It will conduct energy if heated for long enough. ✓
- Its temperature will not rise when heated.
- It is not flammable.
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Worksheet
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Presentation
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Video
Lesson Details
Key learning points
- The faster the particles of a substance are vibrating or moving, the higher the substance's temperature.
- In solids, energy is transferred by vibrating particles colliding with nearby particles, causing them to vibrate more.
- Metals are good conductors as their free electrons move through them more quickly when heated and transfer energy.
- Thermal conductors can feel cold because they transfer energy quickly away from their surface.
- Thermal insulators can feel warm because they do not transfer energy quickly from their surface.
Common misconception
Pupils often do not accept that all objects left in a room for a long time are the same temperature.
Provide opportunities to consolidate the understanding that particles vibrating with more energy transfer some of that energy to particles with less energy through collisions and when bonded together in a solid.
Keywords
Heating - causes the particles of a substance to move or vibrate more rapidly
Thermal conduction - the transfer of energy through a material due to collisions between moving or vibrating particles
Thermal insulation - reduces the transfer of energy by thermal conduction
Thermal conductors - substances that transfer energy by thermal conduction quickly
Thermal insulators - substances that transfer energy by thermal conduction slowly or not at all
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