Starter quiz
- Which of the following energy stores does friction transfer energy into?
- chemical store
- gravitational store
- kinetic store
- thermal store ✓
-
- Why does a hot cup of tea cool down?
- All of its energy is used up.
- All of its energy is transferred to the surroundings.
- Some of its energy is used up.
- Some of its energy is transferred to the surroundings. ✓
-
- Why is the rebound height of a ball not the same as the height that it was dropped from?
- Earth's gravitational force is pulling the ball downwards.
- The normal reaction force from the ground is less than the gravitational force.
- Pushing air out of the way uses up some of the ball's energy.
- Pushing air out of the way transfers some energy to the air particles. ✓
-
- The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or ______.
- 'destroyed' ✓
- Match the values on the left to the equivalent values on the right.
- 1.5 kW⇔1500 W ✓
- 3400 J⇔3.4 kJ ✓
- 0.34 kJ⇔340 J ✓
- 15 W⇔0.015 kW ✓
- Which of the following statements explains why an electric heater can be considered to be 100% efficient?
- An electric heater transfers no energy to the surroundings.
- An electric heater transfers all energy usefully into thermal stores. ✓
- An electric heater has a low power input.
- An electric heater has a high power output.
-
Exit quiz
- Energy is ______ when it is transferred to the thermal store of the surroundings.
- 'dissipated' ✓
- Which of the following is a correct definition for efficiency?
- The amount of energy that makes something useful happen.
- The amount of energy that dissipates.
- The fraction of the energy supplied that makes something useful happen. ✓
- The fraction of the energy supplied that dissipates.
-
- Which of the following equations show the correct relationship between efficiency, useful output energy transfer and total input energy transfer?
- efficiency = useful output energy transfer × total input energy transfer
- efficiency = useful output energy transfer ÷ total input energy transfer ✓
- useful output energy transfer = efficiency × total input energy transfer ✓
- total input energy transfer = useful output energy transfer ÷ efficiency ✓
- total input energy transfer = useful output energy transfer × efficiency
-
- A forklift truck transfers 24 000 J of energy when lifting a box onto a high shelf. Calculate the efficiency of the truck if 18 000 J of energy is transferred to the gravitational store.
- 0.75 ✓
- 1.33
- 6000 J
- 18 000 J
- 0.75 J
-
- Aisha is investigating how the temperature of a tennis ball affects its rebound height. Which of the following are control variables for this experiment?
- temperature of the ball
- rebound height of the ball
- height that the ball is dropped from ✓
- force that the ball is dropped with ✓
- surface that the ball is dropped on to ✓
-
- An elevator has an efficiency of 0.8. When it lifts four people to the tenth floor, it uses 160 000 J of energy. How much energy is transferred to the people?
- 32 000 J
- 50 000 J
- 128 000 J ✓
- 200 000 J
-
Worksheet
Loading worksheet ...
Presentation
Loading presentation ...
Video
Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Energy is dissipated due to friction which causes particles to vibrate more quickly and heats up the surroundings.
- Energy is dissipated due to drag which causes particles in the surroundings to move more quickly.
- Efficiency = useful output energy transfer / total input energy transfer
- Efficiency = useful power output / total power input
- Efficiency can be increased by lubrication, bearings or wheels.
Common misconception
Pupils may not realise that energy transfers usually result in the heating of the surroundings and therefore some energy ends up in a thermal store.
Pupils should have opportunity to identify and describe places in a system where energy is dissipated and transferred into a thermal store.
Keywords
Dissipate - Friction can cause energy to dissipate (spread out and becomes unusable) into the surroundings, causing them to heat up.
Efficiency - Efficiency is the fraction of energy supplied to an object or system that is usefully transferred by it.
Useful output energy transfer - The amount of energy usefully transferred by an object or system is the useful output energy transfer.
Total input energy transfer - The total amount of energy transferred to an object or system is the total input energy transfer.
+