Starter quiz
- Muscle temperature ______ when you start to exercise.
- 'increases' ✓
- Which of the following statements is correct as a response to a gentle jog?
- Heart rate keeps going up.
- Heart rate remains at resting levels.
- Heart rate plateaus. ✓
- Heart rate rises quickly to 220 minus your age
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- Exercising at a higher intensity produces more ______ in the muscles.
- 'lactic acid' ✓
- ______ is caused if too much lactic acid build up in the muscles during exercise.
- 'fatigue' ✓
- Match the following short term responses of exercise to the appropriate body system.
- increased heart rate⇔cardiac system ✓
- increased blood flow to muscles⇔vascular system ✓
- increased breathing rate⇔respiratory system ✓
- increased muscle temperature⇔muscular system ✓
- increased elasticity of ligaments⇔skeletal system ✓
- Gaseous exchange is the ______ of oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out as these substances move from high concentration/pressure to lower concentration/pressure.
- 'diffusion' ✓
Exit quiz
- Which of the following are long term adaptations to regular training?
- decreased resting heart rate ✓
- increased muscle mass ✓
- stronger respiratory muscles ✓
- improved ability to cope with lactic acid ✓
- improved removal of oxygen from the body
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- ______ is the term used when muscle increases in size and strength.
- 'hypertrophy' ✓
- It takes at least ______ weeks for regular training to result in long term changes to our body systems.
- 'six' ✓
- Resting heart rate __________ following a period of endurance training.
- 'decreases' ✓
- Resting blood pressure __________ following training.
- 'decreases' ✓
- Match up the following long term adaptations to the correct description.
- increased muscular strength⇔an outcome of high intensity training with a heavy resistance ✓
- increased muscular endurance⇔an outcome of repeated muscular contractions over a prolonged period ✓
- increased joint strength⇔ligaments and tendons become stronger ✓
Worksheet
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Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Long term effects of exercise refer to the benefits/changes in health and fitness after a period of regular training.
- Regular exercise leads to increased bone, muscle and joint strength.
- Regular exercise leads to cardiac hypertrophy and increased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
- Regular exercise leads to stronger respiratory muscles and increased lung volumes.
- The body is able to recover faster from exercise after a period of training.
Common misconception
Cardiorespiratory benefits only come from endurance training and muscle growth only comes from weight training.
Any training that regularly puts the bodily systems under more strain than they are in normal life, will lead to long term benefits to the muscular, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. However, training intensity will effect results.
Keywords
Long term effects of exercise - the effects on our body of months and/or years of regular physical activity
Hypertrophy - the increase in size of skeletal or cardiac muscle
Blood pressure - pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels
Capillarisation - the development of blood capillaries in the body which increases through long term effects of exercise
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