Immediate and short term effects of exercise on the body | Physical education

Starter quiz

Which of the following substances are produced more quickly in the body during strenuous exercise?

carbon dioxide ✓

lactic acid ✓

oxygen

nitrogen
Match the following to the correct body system.

heart

⇔

cardiac system ✓

alveoli

⇔

respiratory system ✓

arteries

⇔

cardiovascular system ✓

biceps

⇔

muscular system ✓

ulna

⇔

skeletal system ✓
Which of the following is incorrect about why our heart rate and breathing rate remain elevated during recovery?

to flush lactic acid out of the body

to recovery the oxygen debt

to remove any remaining carbon dioxide

to load the muscles up with fresh oxygen supplies

to reduce oxygen consumption quickly after exercise ✓
Match up the following key terms with the correct definition.

heart rate

⇔

the number of times you heart beats per minute ✓

stroke volume

⇔

the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction ✓

cardiac output

⇔

the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute ✓

breathing rate

⇔

the number of breaths taken in a minute ✓

tidal volume

⇔

the volume of air inspired or expired per breath ✓
Which of the following is the correct definition of aerobic respiration?

use of oxygen for the duration of the exercise, usually at moderate intensity ✓

high intensity exercise which does not allow for the predominant usage of oxygen

exercise with no oxygen present
When we cross the anaerobic threshold due to high intensity exercise, ______ is produced in the muscles.

'lactic acid' ✓

Exit quiz

What happens to muscle temperature when we start to exercise?

it decreases

it stays the same

it increases ✓
Which of the following statements is incorrect as a response to a gentle jog?

heart rate increases

stroke volume increases

cardiac output increases

breathing rate increases

inspiratory reserve volume increases ✓
Which one of the following types of exercise will result in the greatest production of lactic acid?

a gentle jog

a long distance swim

submaximal cycling

maximal effort sprints ✓
Aching caused by micro-tears in the muscles after exercise is known as ______ onset of muscle soreness.

'delayed' ✓
Gaseous exchange happens faster during exercise because there is a ______ difference in concentration of oxygen in the alveoli compared to the bloodstream.

'larger' ✓
Match up the following descriptions of what happens to the redistribution of blood when we exercise.

vasoconstriction

⇔

of arteries supplying the digestive system to reduce blood flow ✓

vasodilation

⇔

of arteries supplying the working muscles to increase blood flow ✓

increased bloodflow to surface of skin

⇔

to help the body get rid of excess heat ✓

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Lesson Details

Key learning points

Immediate effects of exercise include increased temperature, sweating, heart rate, breathing frequency and depth.
Short-term effects of exercise include tiredness, fatigue, light-headedness, nausea, aching, DOMS and cramp.

Common misconception

Mixing up immediate, short-term and long-term effects of exercise.

Immediate effects are what happens as soon as we start exercising to cope with it, whereas short-term effects are those that happen over the next 36 hours. Long-term refers to the adaptations that happen in response to training.

Keywords

Immediate effects of exercise - effects on the body that occur during and straight after exercise
Short-term effects of exercise - effects on the body within 36 hours after exercise
Fatigue - extreme mental and physical tiredness
Doms - delayed onset of muscle soreness; muscle pain and stiffness caused by microscopic muscle tears
Cramp - sudden, painful involuntary muscle contraction during or after intense exercise