Starter quiz
- Muscle temperature ______ when you start to exercise.
- 'increases' ✓
- Which of the following statements is correct as a response to a gentle jog?
- Heart rate keeps going up.
- Heart rate remains at resting levels.
- Heart rate plateaus. ✓
- Heart rate rises quickly to 220 minus your age.
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- Exercising at a higher intensity produces more ______ in the muscles.
- 'lactic acid' ✓
- ______ is caused if too much lactic acid builds up in the muscles during exercise.
- 'fatigue' ✓
- Match the following short-term responses of exercise to the appropriate body system.
- increased heart rate⇔cardiac system ✓
- increased blood flow to muscles⇔vascular system ✓
- increased breathing rate⇔respiratory system ✓
- increased muscle temperature⇔muscular system ✓
- increased elasticity of ligaments⇔skeletal system ✓
- Gaseous exchange is the ______ of oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out as these substances move from high concentration/pressure to lower concentration/pressure.
- 'diffusion' ✓
Exit quiz
- Which of the following are long-term adaptations to regular training?
- decreased resting heart rate ✓
- increased muscle mass ✓
- stronger respiratory muscles ✓
- improved ability to cope with lactic acid ✓
- improved removal of oxygen from the body
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- ______ is the term used when muscle increases in size and strength.
- 'hypertrophy' ✓
- It takes at least ______ weeks for regular training to result in long-term changes to our body systems.
- 'six' ✓
- What does bradycardia mean?
- a resting heart rate of less than 70 BPM
- a resting heart rate of less than 60 BPM ✓
- a resting breathing rate of less than 16 breaths per minute
- person is likely to have a bigger, stronger and more efficient heart ✓
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- Resting heart rate ______ following a period of endurance training.
- 'decreases' ✓
- Match up the following long term adaptations to the correct description.
- increased muscular strength⇔an outcome of high intensity training with a heavy resistance ✓
- increased muscular endurance⇔an outcome of repeated muscular contractions over a prolonged period ✓
- improved body shape⇔an outcome of general conditioning and regular training ✓
- improved speed⇔an outcome of explosive muscular contractions ✓
- improved stamina⇔an outcome of training that stresses the cardio-respiratory system ✓
Worksheet
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Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Long-term effects of exercise refer to the benefits/changes in health and fitness after a period of regular training.
- Body shape may undergo changes due to regular exercise.
- Exercise leads to increased muscle strength/endurance, speed, suppleness, cardiovascular endurance and stamina.
- Regular exercise can lead to an increase in heart size (hypertrophy) and bradycardia (a lower resting heart rate).
- Different types of exercise will develop different components of fitness.
Common misconception
Cardiorespiratory benefits only come from endurance training and muscle growth only comes from weight training.
Any training that regularly puts the bodily systems under more strain than they are in normal life will lead to long-term benefits to the muscular, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. However, training intensity will effect results.
Keywords
Long-term effects of exercise - the effects on our body of months and/or years of regular physical activity
Hypertrophy - the enlargement of an organ or tissue from the increase in the size of its cells
Bradycardia - lower resting heart rate below 60 BPM as a result of regular physical activity
Suppleness - as with flexibility, the range of movement possible at a joint
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