Understand the relationship between addition and subtraction | Maths

Starter quiz

Which bar model has a whole of 5?
Which bar model represents this story? I have 6 pennies in my two pockets. 3 pennies are in one pocket. How many are in the other pocket?
Which equation could represent the bar model?

6 - 1 = 7

7 - 6 = 1 ✓

7 - 1 = 6 ✓
Find the missing number in the bar model.

'7' ✓
Which subtraction equation could this bar model could represent?

5 - 3 = 8

8 - 5 = 3 ✓

8 - 3 = 5 ✓

3 - 8 = 5
Which equations could not be represented by this bar model?

10 - ? = 7

7 - ? = 10 ✓

10 - 7 = ?

Which counters could represent this equation? 3 + 5 = 8
Which addition equation could represent the counters?

3 + 4 = 7 ✓

7 + 3 = 4

4 + 7 = 3
Which counters could represent this equation? 8 – 3 = 5
Tick two equations that represent the beads on the bead string.

5 + 2 = 3

5 - 2 = 3 ✓

3 - 2 = 5

2 + 3 = 5 ✓
Jun writes this subtraction equation to match this picture. 6 - 2 = 4 What addition equation could he write?

6 - 4 = 2

4 + 2 = 6 ✓

6 + 2 = 4

2 + 6 = 4
Jun uses different coloured counters to represent the two parts in a story. He uses 4 red counters and 6 white counters. Which equations could represent this?

6 - 4 = 2

10 - 4 = 6 ✓

10 - 2 = 8

4 + 6 = 10 ✓

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In problems, if the whole and one part of the whole are known, subtraction can be used to find the missing part.
This can be represented using a subtraction equation.
In problems, if the parts are known, they can be combined using addition to find the whole.
This can be represented using an addition equation.

The terms minuend, subtrahend and difference may be difficult if only used occasionally.

Ensure the terms are used by the teacher throughout lessons and encourage children to use them when explaining their thinking.

Subtraction - To separate or take away one number from another, or to decrease an amount.
Addition - To find the total, or sum, by combining two or more numbers (addends).