Starter quiz
- What was a vassal in the feudal system?
- A ceremony of homage
- A kind of tax on land
- A person who held land from a superior ✓
- A promise of allegiance
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- Historians agree that the feudal system ended during the period of the ______th to the 15th centuries.
- '14' ✓
- Which of the following sources have historians used most to explore the strength or weakness of the feudal system after 1348?
- court records of cases against peasants ✓
- diaries written by peasant labourers
- statements made by police officers during the Peasant Revolt
- dental records of victims of the Black Death
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- Which of the following could be used to support the argument that lords were not able to restore the feudal system after 1348?
- A decline in fines issued by lords against peasants ✓
- A failure by lords to force escaped peasants to return to their lands ✓
- An increase in fines for leaving the lord's lands
- An end to fines for marriage ✓
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- The reason why historians compare court records before and after 1348 is because this was the starting date of the ______ in England.
- 'Black Death' ✓
- Which historian is associated with research in East Anglia that suggests that feudalism was strengthened after 1348?
- Mark Bailey
- Rodney Hilton ✓
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Exit quiz
- Who succeeded Edward III to the throne after his death in 1377?
- His son, Edward the Black Prince
- His daughter, Joan
- His grandson, Richard ✓
- His wife, Isabella
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- Which wealthy and unpopular son of Edward III largely controlled the young King Richard II after 1377?
- Edward the Black Prince
- John of Gaunt ✓
- Lionel, Duke of Clarence
- Thomas, Duke of Gloucester
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- What war began in 1337 and did not end until 1453?
- The Hundred Years' War ✓
- The Second Crusade
- The Wars of the Roses
- The Wars of the Three Kingdoms
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- In 1377, Richard II raised a ______ tax to pay for the war with France. This was a form of taxation in which every person had to pay the same amount.
- 'poll' ✓
- How much was the tax raised to in 1381?
- From 4 pence per person in 1377 to 12 pence in 1381 ✓
- From 30 shillings per person in 1377 to 200 shillings per wage owner in 1381
- From £12 per person in 1377 to £10 per household in 1381
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- Put these events into chronological order.
- 1⇔Start of the Hundred Years' War
- 2⇔Black Death arrives in England
- 3⇔Death of Edward the Black Prince
- 4⇔Richard II becomes king, aged 10 years
- 5⇔The poll tax raised to 12 pence per person
- 6⇔The Peasants' Revolt
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Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Richer people tended to be able to escape the worst effects of the plague.
- In 1377, the ten-year-old Richard became king. He was largely controlled by his uncle, John of Gaunt.
- Richard inherited a continuing war with France, the Hundred Years' War.
- A poll tax was introduced because kings needed money to continue the war against France.
- The poll tax became even more unpopular when Richard II tripled the tax from 4 pence to 12 pence.
Common misconception
People at the time called the conflict the Hundred Years' War.
People at the time would not have known how long the wars were going to last, so this name came after the conflict had ended.
Keywords
Heir - a person who expects to inherit a position
Poll tax - a payment made to the government by every adult, regardless of how wealthy they are
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