Starter quiz
- Who was excommunicated after disagreeing with the Pope about who should appoint the next bishop of Milan?
- Henry IV ✓
- Gregory VII
- Leo IX
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- The action of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church is known as ...
- 'excommunication' ✓
- Which Roman emperor declared that Christianity was to be granted the status of an acceptable religion in the Roman Empire in 313 CE?
- Constantine ✓
- Caligula
- Claudius
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- What was the name of the kingdom carved out for the pope in central Italy in 754 CE?
- Papal Area
- Pope States
- Papal States ✓
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- This keyword is the organisation of the Christian religion.
- 'The Church' ✓
- Starting with the most important, sort the following in the order of hierarchy in the Catholic Church.
- 1⇔The Pope
- 2⇔archbishops
- 3⇔bishops
- 4⇔priests
- 5⇔ordinary people
Exit quiz
- A military expedition against a group considered by the papacy to be an enemy of the Church is known as a ______.
- 'crusade' ✓
- Select the problems that Pope Urban II had to deal with when he became pope.
- The Italian kingdoms were at war with each other and the Papal States.
- The Holy Roman Empire was in a constant state of rebellion. ✓
- Another pope had been installed by the Holy Roman Emperor. ✓
- Floods in Spain had washed away many churches along the coast.
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- Who did the Byzantine Empire ask Pope Urban II for help fighting against in 1095?
- the Abbasids
- the Fatimids
- the Seljuks ✓
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- In which of the following areas did Pope Urban II called for a crusade?
- France
- Italy
- Spain ✓
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- What happened on the final day of the council in Clermont in November 1095?
- Urban spoke to thousands calling for them to go on a crusade. ✓
- They discussed various minor Church matters.
- They sorted out arguments between nobles.
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- How did thousands of people in Western Europe respond to the pope's call for crusade in 1095?
- They took up arms in Rome and waited for the enemies to arrive.
- They travelled to Jerusalem.
- They journeyed en masse to Muslim-controlled lands in the east. ✓
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Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Pope Urban II led the Roman Church in the late 11th century.
- Urban II faced a number of challenges whilst he was pope.
- Urban II called a Church council to Clermont in 1095, partly to discuss the Seljuk invasion into the Byzantine Empire.
- Urban II called upon Western European Christians to go on crusade against the Seljuk Empire.
- Many people were eager to go on crusade.
Common misconception
Records of speeches from previous time periods are accurate representations of what these people actually said.
Accurate recording of speeches was not a priority for many historians or record keepers up until fairly recently. It was seen as acceptable to put words into the mouths of past people based on what happened after or to reflect present sensibilities.
Keywords
Pope - the pope is the head of the Catholic Church
Church - the Church is the organisation of the Christian religion
Crusade - a crusade is a military expedition against a group considered by the papacy to be an enemy of the Church
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