Starter quiz
- What was Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's title?
- King of Wales
- Marcher lord
- Overlord of Wales
- Prince of Wales ✓
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- What did Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's do after Edward I became king of England?
- He pledged allegiance to Edward I.
- He refused to renew his homage to Edward I. ✓
- He sought an alliance with Edward I.
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- Match the following key words to their definitions:
- Britain⇔a collective name for England, Scotland and Wales ✓
- Marcher⇔noble appointed by the English king to guard the Welsh border ✓
- homage⇔to publicly submit and swear an oath of fealty ✓
- In the early tenth century, the Anglo-Saxon King Athelstan had used the title ‘Rex Totius Britanniae’, or ‘King of all ______’ on his coins.
- 'Britain' ✓
- What was the outcome of Edward I's first campaign in Wales?
- Llywelyn gained more territories, apart from the Marcher lordships.
- Llywelyn lost all his conquered territories, apart from Gwynedd. ✓
- Llywelyn paid homage and accepted Edward I as his overlord. ✓
- Llywelyn surrendered. ✓
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- Edward I stopped the Welsh army from being able to access its main supply of food. What was the food and where in Wales did it come from?
- cattle from Gwynedd
- fish from the Gower
- grain from Anglesey ✓
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Exit quiz
- What did Edward I believe about the relationship between England and Wales?
- They should remain separate.
- He could unite them under his kingship. ✓
- Wales should be an independent kingdom.
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- Which of these individuals or groups assisted Edward I in his war of conquest against the Welsh revolt of 1282?
- Earl of Carrick ✓
- French allies
- Llywelyn's friends
- Llywelyn's Welsh enemies ✓
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- Match the following words to the correct definitions.
- heavy-handed⇔using too much force in dealing with someone ✓
- treason⇔to betray one’s country, government or leader ✓
- dominate⇔to have control over a place or person ✓
- Starting with the earliest, place these events in time order:
- 1⇔Edward I began building castles surrounding Llywelyn and Dafydd's lands.
- 2⇔Dafydd attacks Hawarden Castle.
- 3⇔Llywelyn's death at the Battle of Irfon Bridge.
- 4⇔Edward I’s son was given the title ‘Prince of Wales’.
- Which statement most closely describes Welsh support for Edward I?
- All Welsh people supported Llywelyn ap Gruffudd against Edward.
- Edward I had no Welsh support in his campaign.
- Many Welsh princes and soldiers cooperated with Edward I. ✓
- The Welsh resistance was solely led by Llywelyn and Dafydd.
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- Seeing that the revolt had spread across Wales, Edward decided to launch a war of conquest. Instead of ruling through ______ as overlord, he wanted direct control over Wales - to be the King of Wales.
- 'vassals' ✓
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Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Edward I believed he could unite England and Wales under his kingship.
- Many Welsh revolted against English law and heavy-handed rule being forced upon them.
- Edward I launched a war of conquest assisted by Llywelyn’s Welsh enemies and the Scottish Earl of Carrick.
- The Welsh revolt was defeated and Llywelyn and Dafydd ap Gruffuff were both killed.
- Edward I built castles to enforce the English conquest of Wales.
Common misconception
The Welsh resistance was always a unified movement.
Many Welsh princes cooperated with Edward's Welsh campaign in 1277. Edward’s army also included 9000 Welsh soldiers.
Keywords
Heavy-handed - heavy-handed is using too much force in dealing with someone
Treason - treason is to betray one’s country, government or leader
Vassal - a vassal is someone below someone else in the feudal system
Hanged, drawn and quartered - being hanged, drawn, and quartered is an execution where the person was hanged until nearly dead, cut down, disembowelled and cut into pieces
Dominate - to dominate is to have control over a place or person
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