Starter quiz
- Who captured Jerusalem for the British during World War I?
- Winston Churchill
- General Edmund Allenby ✓
- Lord Balfour
- Sir Henry McMahon
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- What percentage of Palestine's population in 1917 were Arab Muslims?
- 50
- 70
- 90 ✓
- 95
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- The Balfour Declaration, issued by the British government in 1917, expressed support for the establishment of a national home for the ______ people in Palestine.
- 'Jewish' ✓
- Which secret agreement between Britain and France aimed to divide the Ottoman Empire's territories in the Middle East after World War I?
- The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence
- The Balfour Declaration
- The Sykes-Picot Agreement ✓
- The Treaty of Versailles
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- The Great Arab Revolt, which began in ______, was a response to British policies and increased Jewish immigration to Palestine.
- '1936' ✓
- What event on 14th May 1948 led to the start of the first Arab-Israeli War?
- The United Nations proposed a partition plan.
- The British withdrew from Palestine. ✓
- The League of Nations granted a mandate over Palestine to Britain.
- The signing of the Sykes-Picot Agreement.
-
Exit quiz
- Which British Prime Minister acknowledged the inevitability of African independence in the "Wind of Change" speech?
- Winston Churchill
- Harold Macmillan ✓
- Clement Attlee
- Anthony Eden
-
- What was the Pan-African movement primarily focused on?
- Promoting European colonization
- Achieving African independence and promoting African culture ✓
- Establishing British rule across Africa
- Supporting the Cold War efforts of the USA
-
- The violent uprising in Kenya led by the ______ was crucial in showing that Britain could no longer control the colony.
- 'Mau Mau' ✓
- What event in 1948 led to a surge in support for independence in the Gold Coast (later Ghana)?
- The signing of the Sykes-Picot Agreement
- The Accra Riots ✓
- The Mau Mau Uprising
- The Wind of Change speech
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- Kwame ______ became the first Prime Minister of the Gold Coast (which became known as Ghana) after it gained independence in 1957.
- 'Nkrumah' ✓
- Which cash crops were grown on large-scale farms in Kenya by British settlers, leading to significant displacement of the local population?
- Wheat and corn
- Tea and coffee ✓
- Sugar and cotton
- Rice and tobacco
-
Worksheet
Presentation
Video
Lesson Details
Key learning points
- After the Second World War, Britain had initially hoped to retain control of its empire in Africa.
- From 1945, demands for independence from nationalist movements across Britain's African colonies intensified.
- Nkrumah led peaceful protests against British rule in the Gold Coast, which became independent as Ghana in 1957.
- The Mau Mau Uprising meant that Kenya's transition to independence was more violent than in other African colonies.
- The Mau Mau Uprising helped to demonstrate that Britain could no longer rule Kenya and it became independent in 1963.
Common misconception
Decolonisation happened in a peaceful and orderly way in all of Britain's African colonies.
Decolonisation in many of Britain's African colonies was mostly peaceful; however, there were exceptions. For example, in Kenya there was significant violence as the British authorities used brutal measures to suppress the Mau Mau Uprising (1952-60).
Keywords
Decolonisation - the process by which colonies ruled by an empire achieve independence
Self government - when people in a community or region make their own decisions about laws, policies, and leadership without outside control
Nationalist - someone who strongly believes in and supports their own country, placing its interests above those of other nations
Guerilla - warfare that involves using surprise attacks and hit-and-run tactics to fight a larger, more traditional military force