What you and others have and what it is like: subject pronoun 'sie' for 'they' | German

Starter quiz

What is the capital city of Germany?
- Paris
- Rome
- Berlin ✓
- Stuttgart
What gender is the subject pronoun in the following sentence? 'Ich habe ein Buch. Es ist toll.'
- masculine
- feminine
- neuter ✓
Which of these nouns are plural?
- die Geschenke ✓
- die Kirche
- die Spiele ✓
- die Familie
Match the German vocabulary below to the correct English translations.
- das Wasser
  
  ⇔
  
  water ✓
- die Welt
  
  ⇔
  
  world ✓
- das Haustier
  
  ⇔
  
  pet ✓
- der Lehrer
  
  ⇔
  
  teacher ✓
Translate the following sentence into English: 'Das Auto ist rot. Es ist klein.'
- 'The car is red. It is small. ' ✓
Match the adjectives below to the correct English translations.
- toll
  
  ⇔
  
  great ✓
- in Ordnung
  
  ⇔
  
  okay ✓
- hässlich
  
  ⇔
  
  ugly ✓
- dunkel
  
  ⇔
  
  dark ✓
- gut
  
  ⇔
  
  good ✓

Which of the following words contains a short [o] sound?
- Schottland ✓
- Vogel
- Kopf ✓
- Vögel
Place the following words in order of their vowel length, from shortest to longest.
- 1
  
  ⇔
  
  Schottland
- 2
  
  ⇔
  
  Obst
- 3
  
  ⇔
  
  Vögel
How can you determine whether 'sie' means 'they' or 'it' in a sentence?
- by looking at the verb form ✓
- by looking at the noun ✓
- by looking at the adjective
What happens to most masculine and neuter nouns ending in -el, -er, or -en in the plural form?
- they add an -e ending
- they do not add any ending ✓
- they add an -s ending
- they add an -en ending
What happens to vowels when German nouns are made plural?
- they always add an umlaut regardless of the word
- they change ‘a’ to ‘ä,’ ‘o’ to ‘ö,’ and ‘u’ to ‘ü’ in many plural forms ✓
- they add an umlaut only to feminine nouns
- they only add umlauts in the plural if the noun ends in -el, -er, or -en
Which of the following pairs of singular and plural forms are correct?
- Vogel - Vögel ✓
- Mädchen- - Mädchens
- Fenster - Fenster ✓

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[o] and [ö] need practice to distinguish between singular and plural forms of some nouns, e.g., 'Vogel' and 'Vögel'.
Masculine and neuter nouns ending in -el, -en and -er don’t usually change in the plural form.
A few -el, -en and -er plurals do add an umlaut to ‘a’, ‘o’, and ‘u’, e.g., 'Vögel'.
To say 'they' in German, use 'sie' for all genders.
The subject pronoun 'sie' means both 'it' (feminine) and 'they'. The verb form tells us what is being talked about.

'Sie' always refer to feminine 'it' when used as a subject pronoun.

'Sie' means 'it' in the feminine form and 'they' in the plural form. 'Sie' is used for all plural forms.

[o] - pronounced short [o] as in ‘Schottland’ and long [o] as in ‘Vogel’
[ö] - pronounced short [ö] as in 'zwölf' and long [ö] as in ‘Vögel’
Subject pronoun - represents the person, people or thing(s) doing the verb, e.g., I, we, they
Sie - the subject pronoun plural ‘they’