Population challenges: ageing populations | Geography

Starter quiz

On a population pyramid, what do the different sides represent?
- Gender: male and female ✓
- Age groups
- Total population
Which of these characteristics does a tall population pyramid suggest?
- Low life expectancy
- High life expectancy ✓
- Low birth rate
- High death rate
What does a steady or rectangular shape in a population pyramid indicate?
- Decreasing population
- Rapidly growing population
- Balanced population growth ✓
- High death rate
A population pyramid with a very wide base is most likely to be found in which type of country?
- Developed country with low birth rates
- Developing country with high birth rates ✓
- Developed country with high birth rates
- Country with a balanced age structure
Which age group is typically found at the top of a population pyramid?
- Young children
- Middle-aged adults
- Elderly ✓
- Teenagers
What does a low top in a population pyramid suggest?
- Low life expectancy ✓
- High birth rate
- Low birth rate
- High life expectancy

Which of the following is a primary reason for the increase in global life expectancy?
- Increased use of cars
- Improved healthcare ✓
- Higher birth rates
- Decline in technology
What is an economic impact of an ageing population?
- Reduced spending on education
- Increased spending on healthcare ✓
- Higher birth rates
- Decreased life expectancy
Which country is known for having a high life expectancy and an ageing population?
- Nigeria
- Brazil
- Japan ✓
- India
Why does a low birth rate contribute to an ageing population?
- It increases life expectancy
- It reduces the number of young people ✓
- It leads to increased migration
- It promotes economic growth

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Life expectancies around the world are increasing due to better healthcare and disease prevention.
Many higher income countries such as the UK, Germany and Japan have ageing populations.
An ageing population leads to the government having to invest more in pensions and healthcare.

All countries have ageing populations.

Not all countries have ageing populations. It is more common in higher income nations with longer life expectancies.