Starter quiz
- Which of the following scientists developed three laws of motion?
- Albert Einstein
- Galileo Galilei
- Isaac Newton ✓
- Georg Ohm
- Michael Faraday
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- Which of the following forces opposes the movement of one solid object across the surface of another?
- drag
- gravity
- upthrust
- magnetism
- friction ✓
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- Which of the following is the correct relationship between acceleration, change in velocity and time?
- acceleration = change in velocity × time
- acceleration = time ÷ change in velocity
- acceleration = change in velocity ÷ time ✓
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- A sledge is pulled horizontally across flat ice with a rope. The force of the rope on the sledge is 400 N and a frictional force of 100 N opposes its motion. What is the resultant force on the sledge?
- '300 N' ✓
- Which of the following is the correct unit of acceleration?
- metres per second squared ✓
- metres per second
- metre seconds
- meter seconds squared
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- A scooter accelerates from rest to 18 m/s in 12 s. Calculate the acceleration of the scooter.
- 0.67 m/s
- 1.5 m/s ✓
- 30 m/s
- 216 m/s
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Exit quiz
- Match the following key terms to their definitions.
- air track⇔A track that uses a cushion of air to reduce frictional forces. ✓
- directly proportional⇔A relationship where one value is a constant multiple of the other. ✓
- inversely proportional⇔A relationship where one value halves each time the other doubles. ✓
- Newton's Second Law of motion⇔Acceleration: proportional to force, inversely proportional to mass. ✓
- Which of these factors needs to be kept constant when investigating the effect of force on acceleration using an air track, glider and set of hanging masses?
- the size of the force causing the acceleration
- the mass placed on the hanging mass holder
- the mass of the glider
- the total mass of the system (glider and holder) ✓
- the time the glider accelerates for
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- Starting with the smallest, sort the following in order of increasing resultant force.
- 1⇔a ball of mass 1.0 kg accelerating at 3.0 m/s
- 2⇔a sprinter of mass 70 kg accelerating at 3.0 m/s
- 3⇔a car of mass 900 kg accelerating at 0.5 m/s
- 4⇔a skydiver of mass 60 kg accelerating at 10 m/s
- 5⇔an aeroplane of mass 20 000 kg accelerating at 0.10 m/s
- Calculate the acceleration of a dynamics trolley of mass 0.80 kg when a resultant force of 2.0 N acts on it.
- 0.40 m/s
- 1.2 m/s
- 1.6 m/s
- 2.5 m/s ✓
- 2.8 m/s
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- A resultant force of 2.5 kN causes a model rocket to accelerate at 5.0 m/s. Calculate the mass of the rocket.
- 0.5 kg
- 2.0 kg
- 12.5 kg
- 500 kg ✓
- 1 250 000 kg
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- In an experiment, a glider of mass 0.25 kg accelerates along an air track, from rest to a velocity of 1.20 m/s in 0.50 s. What is the size of the resultant force acting on the glider?
- 0.15 N
- 0.30 N
- 0.60 N ✓
- 0.70 N
- 1.20 N
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Worksheet
Presentation
Video
Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Acceleration can be measured accurately using light gates or roughly measured using a stopwatch and ruler.
- The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force acting on the object.
- The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
- Newton's Second Law states that F = m × a.
Common misconception
It is common for pupils to fail to consider the hanging mass as part of the accelerating mass.
Emphasise that all of the moving parts in the investigation are connected, are accelerated together, and need to be included in the measurement of the mass being accelerated.
Keywords
Air track - A track which uses a cushion of air to reduce frictional forces in experiments.
Directly proportional - A relationship where one value is a constant multiple of the other, represented by y ∝ x.
Inversely proportional - A relationship where one value is a constant multiple of the other, represented by y ∝ 1/x.
Newton's second law of motion - Newton's Second Law of motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.