Starter quiz
- What is the process of neutralisation?
- Diluting an acid with water to make it weaker.
- Mixing an acid with a solid to release heat.
- Reacting an acid with a base to form water and a salt. ✓
- Combining two acids to form a stronger one.
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- What is a characteristic of strong acids and alkalis?
- They dissolve only slightly in water.
- They are always more concentrated than weak acids and alkalis.
- They cannot be neutralised by a base or acid.
- They are completely ionised in water. ✓
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- What is the difference between the concentration and strength of an acid?
- Strength and concentration are the same thing.
- Strength refers to how much acid is dissolved in water.
- Strength is how easily an acid ionises in water. ✓
- Concentration refers to how much acid is dissolved in water. ✓
- Concentration is how easily an acid ionises in water.
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- What happens when an acid reacts with a soluble base (alkali) in a neutralisation reaction?
- A salt and water are formed. ✓
- Only a gas is produced.
- Only water is produced.
- The acid becomes more concentrated.
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- Why might you use an indicator in a neutralisation reaction between an acid and a base?
- To show when the acid and base have reacted completely. ✓
- To speed up the reaction.
- To change the colour of the solution permanently.
- To make the acid stronger.
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- What is the most accurate way to measure the volume of a liquid?
- Use a spoon to add small amounts at a time.
- Estimate the volume by eye.
- Pour the liquid into a measuring jug.
- Use a piece of equipment that allows precise control over the amount of liquid. ✓
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Exit quiz
- Match each piece of apparatus used in titration to its correct function.
- burette⇔Measures and dispenses precise volumes of acid or alkali. ✓
- volumetric pipette⇔Transfers a fixed volume of solution to the conical flask. ✓
- conical flask⇔Holds the solution being titrated. ✓
- indicator⇔Shows when neutralisation is complete. ✓
- Sort the steps of performing a titration into the correct order.
- 1⇔Use a volumetric pipette to add a fixed volume of alkali to the flask.
- 2⇔Add a few drops of indicator to the solution in the flask.
- 3⇔Fill the burette with acid and record the starting volume.
- 4⇔Slowly add acid, drop-by-drop near the end point, whilst swirling the flask.
- 5⇔Stop when the indicator changes colour permanently, indicating neutralisation.
- 6⇔Record the final volume of acid in the burette.
- 7⇔Calculate the volume of acid added.
- Why is titration used in chemistry?
- To accurately measure the volume of acid or alkali needed for neutralisation. ✓
- To determine how strong an acid or alkali is.
- To heat up acids and bases to their boiling points.
- To identify the type of salt produced in a reaction.
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- Which of the following statements describes strong acids and alkalis, used in titrations, most accurately?
- They only partially ionise in water.
- They are always very concentrated solutions.
- They are completely ionised in an aqueous solution. ✓
- They neutralise each other without producing any products.
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- Why is a suitable indicator (not universal indicator) used in titration?
- It changes colour gradually to show progress.
- It neutralises the acid and alkali.
- It speeds up the reaction between the acid and alkali.
- It provides a sharp colour change at the end point of the reaction. ✓
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- Why are strong acids and strong alkalis used in titrations?
- To ensure that the reaction reaches completion and all ions are used. ✓
- To make the titration process faster.
- Because strong acids and alkalis are safer to handle.
- To produce a more concentrated salt solution.
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Worksheet
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Presentation
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Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Titration is a method used to completely neutralise an acid with a soluble base (alkali).
- Titrations are performed using strong acids and strong alkalis to accurately determine reacting volumes.
- Strong acids and alkalis are completely ionised in an aqueous solution.
- Each piece of apparatus in a titration has a specific and essential function.
- A suitable indicator (not universal indicator) is used to identify the end point of the titration.
Common misconception
Pupils often overshoot the end point, especially on their first attempt at a titration.
Pupils will need to work on their dexterity, often with a partner, to ensure the flow of titrant is slow enough from the burette, and that their swirling technique allows ample mixing of the solutions.
Keywords
Titration - a technique in volumetric analysis that is used to find the exact volumes of solutions that react with each other
Volume - how much 3D space matter occupies, it is often measured in cm³
End point - when just enough solution has been added from the burette to react with all the solution in the flask in a titration
Strong acid - strong acids ionise completely in water.
Meniscus - the curve that exists on the surface of a liquid when it is in a container
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