Starter quiz
- Which piece of equipment is best suited for measuring the change in mass of a reactant or product during a reaction?
- stopwatch
- top pan balance ✓
- measuring cylinder
- light sensor
- gas syringe
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- Match the variables with the correct definition.
- independent variable⇔the single variable that is changed in an investigation. ✓
- dependent variable⇔the single variable that is measured or observed in an investigation. ✓
- control variables⇔are kept constant in an investigation. ✓
- According to collision theory, what must happen for a chemical reaction to occur?
- particles must collide with sufficient energy ✓
- particles must be at a high temperature
- particles must collide at a low concentration
- particles must be in a liquid state
- particles must collide with minimum energy
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- What is the term for the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur?
- 'activation energy' ✓
- Why does the same mass of powdered solid react faster than the same solid in a single lump?
- it has a lower mass
- it has a lower activation energy
- it has a larger surface area ✓
- it has a higher temperature
- it is at a higher pressure
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- Which of the following statements are true about surface area: volume ratio?
- smaller particles have a higher surface area:volume ratio than larger particles ✓
- increasing the size of a particle increases its surface area to volume ratio
- decreasing the size of a particle decreases its surface area to volume ratio
- a higher surface area:volume ratio results in faster reactions ✓
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Exit quiz
- What is the effect of increasing the surface area on the rate of reaction?
- it decreases the rate of reaction
- it has no effect on the rate of reaction
- it increases the rate of reaction ✓
- it slows down the reaction initially
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- How does the surface area of smaller marble chips compare to larger chips of the same mass?
- smaller marble chips have a smaller surface area
- smaller marble chips have a larger surface area ✓
- both have the same surface area
- surface area is not affected by size
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- How does a larger surface area of reactants affect the frequency of particle collisions?
- it decreases the frequency of collisions
- it has no effect on collisions
- it increases the frequency of collisions ✓
- it makes collisions less effective
- it makes the particles collide with less energy
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- Why is measuring the change in mass useful for determining the rate of reaction?
- it measures the increase in temperature
- we can use the results to calculate the mass of gas produced from the reaction ✓
- it allows us to measure the production of a solid
- we can determine the time taken for a colour change to occur
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- Why does increasing the surface area of a reactant make a reaction faster?
- it lowers the temperature so the particles have less energy
- it increases the concentration so the particles are more likely to collide
- it exposes more particles so there are more collisions per second ✓
- it increases the mass of the solid reactant
- it changes the state of the solid reactant
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- In a rate of reaction experiment where you change the surface area of solid reactants, what could be the dependent variable?
- the surface area of the solid reactants
- the concentration of the reacting solution
- the mass of solid reactant used
- the volume of gas produced ✓
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Worksheet
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Presentation
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Video
Lesson Details
Key learning points
- The changing rate of a reaction can be found by measuring the mass of gas produced as the reaction progresses.
- Smaller marble chips have a larger surface area than larger chips of the same mass.
- The larger the surface area, the faster the rate of reaction.
Common misconception
That a larger surface area produces a larger volume/mass of product.
The experiment should help pupils realise they produce the same mass of carbon dioxide when using the same mass of calcium carbonate chips and powder.
Keywords
Rate of reaction - Rate of reaction is the speed with which a chemical reaction takes place.
Surface area to volume ratio - The surface area to volume ratio is the surface area of a solid relative to its volume.
Independent variable - The independent variable is the single variable that is changed in an investigation.
Dependent variable - The dependent variable is the single variable that is measured or observed in an investigation.
Control variables - The control variables are variables that are kept constant in an investigation.
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