Starter quiz
- Which parts are included in the nervous system?
- brain ✓
- sensory receptors ✓
- muscles
- hormones
- neurones ✓
-
Which label points to the sweat gland in the skin?- c
- d ✓
- e
- f
- g
-
- Which of the following responses occur when we get too hot?
- erector pili muscles relax ✓
- shivering
- sweating ✓
- vasoconstriction
-
- Match the part of the skin to its function.
- erector pili muscle⇔causes hairs to lie flat or stand upright ✓
- sweat gland⇔excretes sweat ✓
- muscles in walls of blood vessels⇔cause vasodilation and vasoconstriction ✓
- temperature receptor⇔detects changes in external temperature ✓
- Significantly high body temperatures are dangerous because they can cause enzymes to ______.
- 'denature' ✓
- Which option would be most appropriate if you were really cold, and which option correctly explains why?
- a really hot bath
- provides insulation and warmth ✓
- layers of warm clothing and a hot water bottle ✓
- causes evaporation and vasodilation
-
Exit quiz
- Starting from the point of being triggered by a stimulus, put these parts of the nervous system pathway in the correct order.
- 1⇔receptor
- 2⇔coordination centre
- 3⇔effector
- Internal body temperature can be affected by a variety of factors. Select the external factors.
- infection
- weather ✓
- the clothing we are wearing ✓
- stress
- exercise
-
- Match each part of the nervous system to the part of the body that has that role.
- receptor⇔hypothalamus ✓
- coordination centre⇔thermoregulatory centre ✓
- effector⇔sweat gland ✓
- The ______ instructs muscles to contract to make us shiver when our body temperature decreases.
- 'thermoregulatory centre' ✓
- Look at this cross-section through the skin and match the selected parts to the correct labels.
- temperature receptor⇔e ✓
- erector pili muscle⇔c ✓
- sweat gland⇔d ✓
- arteriole⇔g ✓
- Whose descriptions of the body's responses to changes in temperature are correct?
Jun: The body's responses to changes in temperature are antagonistic. ✓
Laura: The body's responses to changes in temperature are conscious.
Aisha: The body's responses to changes in temperature are autonomic. ✓
Izzy: The body's responses to temperature change aren't controlled by the brain.
Worksheet
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Presentation
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Video
Lesson Details
Key learning points
- Temperature receptors in the skin and hypothalamus of the brain detect changes in external and blood temperature.
- When temperature increases, the hypothalamus sends impulses to effectors (sweat glands, muscles in artery walls).
- When temperature decreases, the hypothalamus sends impulses to effectors (hair erector muscles, artery wall muscles).
- These autonomic responses work antagonistically to keep body temperature within a narrow range.
Common misconception
Pupils are familiar with the physiological changes that occur in the body when they get cold or hot, but are unaware of the role of the brain in the detection and coordination of this response.
The role of the hypothalamus and thermoregulatory centre in this process are clearly explained and built into the process model of managing the familiar physiological responses.
Keywords
Receptor - senses a change in the environment, such as a change in temperature
Hypothalamus - part of the brain that controls our internal environment, including water balance and body temperature
Effector - a muscle or gland that carries out a response
Autonomic - happens without conscious control
Antagonistic - effectors and effects that work against each other
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